Documentation of Exploration, Collection and Extraction of Chironji (Buchanania lanzan Spreng.): A Potential Nut of Bundelkhand Region, India

Abstract

Almondette (Buchanania lanzan Spreng.), locally known as "Chironji," is a dry fruit traditionally used for both culinary and medicinal purposes by local communities and tribal groups in the Bundelkhand region of India. This species thrives in various habitats within Bundelkhand and several states in central India. Local communities and tribal groups in the area continue to maintain traditional knowledge regarding the extraction of kernels from chironji nuts. During an exploration conducted in May-June, 2024, we documented a traditional practice of kernel extraction with the assistance of local informants. Our visit to Bijawar village in Chhatarpur district, Madhya Pradesh, revealed that the locals have traditionally employed old decorticating tools called "Chhanna," which are made of iron, for processing chironji nuts. After processing and grading, the chironji kernels are sold in the local market at a high price, ranging from ₹1,800 to ₹2,200 per kilogram. Chironji is facing a severe threat to its existence due to extensive exploitation, needs to be protected in in-situ conservation areas for future utilization.